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Holy of Holies
The Holy of Holies (Tiberian Hebrew: ''(unicode:Qṓḏeš HaqQŏḏāšîm)'') is a term in the Hebrew Bible which refers to the inner sanctuary of the Tabernacle In the wilderness where God dwelt. This area is defined by the four pillars which held up the veil of the covering and under which the Holy Ark was held off the floor by its two staves and 300 years later later the Temple in Jerusalem where the Ark of the Covenant was kept during the First Temple, which could be entered only by the High Priest on Yom Kippur after sanctifying himself. The Ark of the Covenant is said to have contained the Ten Commandments, which were given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai. It is currently thought to be located under the Dome of the Rock.
==Hebrew terminology and translation==
The construction "Holy of Holies" is a literal translation of a Hebrew idiom which is intended to express a superlative. Examples of similar constructions are "servant of servants" (Gen 9:25), "Sabbath of sabbaths" (Ex 31:15), "God of gods" (Deut 10:17), "Vanity of vanities" (Eccl 1:2), "Song of songs" (Song of Songs 1:1), "king of kings" (Ezra 7:12), etc.
In the Authorized King James Version, "Holy of Holies" is always translated as "Most Holy Place". This is in keeping with the intention of the Hebrew idiom to express the utmost degree of holiness. The King James Version of the Bible has been in existence for over four hundred years. For most of that time, it was a primary reference in much of the English speaking world for information about Judaism. Thus, the name "Most Holy Place" was used to refer to the "Holy of Holies" in many English documents.
A related term is the ''debir'' () transliterated in the Septuagint as ''dabir'' (),〔(Strong's Concordance, Gesenius ''devir'' )〕 which either means the back (i.e. western) part of the Sanctuary,〔The Solomonic Debir according to the Hebrew Text of I Kings 6 J. Ouellette - Journal of Biblical Literature, 1970 - JSTOR "The immediate implication of this reading is that the holy of holies was built "from within the debir," that is ... The LXX simply transliterates dabir, while the Vulgate has "oraculum", thus suggesting a derivation from dbr "to speak."〕 or derives from the verb stem D-V-R, "to speak", justifying the translation in the Latin Vulgate as ''oraculum'', from which the traditional English translation "oracle" (KJV, 1611) derives.〔The Damaged "blueprints" of the Temple of Solomon. L. Waterman - Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 1943 - JSTOR "The term "holy of holies" has long been accepted as a later descriptive term applied to the debir. The Hebrew word debir, rendered "oracle" in the versions, is a mistranslation based on a false etymology. The term itself signifies only the back or part behind, for example."〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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